TUN ABDULLAH AHMAD BADAWI - THE MALAYSIAN ORATOR

"Orator" is someone that gives a very good formal speech in front of the audience. During he or her delivered his or her speech, they can attract the audience to pay attention on what they going to talk. Here, the Malaysian good orator is Tun Abdullah Haji Ahmad Badawi.

Tun Abdullah Haji Ahmad Badawi is the forth Prime Ministry in Malaysia. He was served from 2003 to 2009. Along his leadership, Tun Abdullah has bring Malaysia to the unity of nation. Beside that, he also build the relationship with other country. This brings great investment that help in the economic growth. Everytimes he makes his speech or forum about economic or politic issues, he always can get the audience's confidences. He can conveys his messsage clearly to the audience. He solves every country problems

cautiously.

In every case that he had faced, he successfully settle it with brilliant ideas. During his services, he had been introduce " Islam Hadhari " for the development of the personal attitude, thinking skills, and so on. He always pressed about the 10 Philosophy in Islam Hadhari such as believe in God, justice, important of development and knowledge. However, he had been announced that he would transfer power to Deputy Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Abdul Razak, a move aimed at reducing the level of politician uncertainty in the country. He also said he may hand over power to his deputy before the 2010. Although he d quit from his position as a Prime minister, he still followed the progression of the country issues.

BAGHDAD: THE ISLAMIC MEGACITY

Baghdad is one of the Islamic megacity in the Islamic World Civilization History. Baghdad or Bagdad is the capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, with which it is coterminous. Having a municipal population estimated at 6.5 million, it is the largest city in Iraq and the second largest (after Cairo) in the Arab World.
Located on the River Tigris, the city dates back to the 8th century and was once the centre of the Muslim world. It was found by caliph Abu Ja'far Al-Mansur on 30 July 762. He believes that Baghdad was the perfect city to be the capital of the Islamic empire under the Abbasids. This city was growth by the help of its strategic location between the trading routes along to the Tigris to the sea and east-west from the Middle East to the rest Asia. Baghdad was surrounded by four walls named Kufa, Basra, Khurasan, and Damascus - their gates pointed in the directions of these destinations. The distance between these gates was a little less than a mile and a half. The walls were about 44 metres thick at the base and about 12 metres thick at the top. Also, the wall was 30 metres high included the merlons, a solid part of an embattled parapet usually pierced by embrasures.

The most interesting is, in the middle of Baghdad. The Golden Gate Palace. The Palace was the residence of the caliph and his family. In the central part of the building was a green dome that was 49 metres high. Surrounding the palace was an esplanade, a waterside building, in which only the caliph could riding on horseback.

Baghdad became a hub of learning and commerce within a generation of its founding. The House of Wisdom was an establishment dedicated to the translation of Greek, Middle Persian and Syriac works. At that time, scholars headed to Baghdad from all over he Abbasids empire, facilitating the introduction of Greek and Indian science into Arabic and Islamic world. Baghdad was likely the largest city in the worldfrom shortly after its foundation until the 930s, when it was tied by Cordova. Several estimates suggest that the city contained over a million inhabitants at its peak. Many of the One Thousands and One Nights tales are sets i baghdad during this priod. The portion of the population of Baghdad were non-Arabs such as Persian, Assyrians and Greeks and they were gradually adaped Arabic language.

Gender Discrimination

Discrimination means the act of denying rights, benefits, justice, equitable treatment, or access to facilities available to all others, to an individual or group of people because of their race, age, gender, handicap or other defining characteristic. See also reverse discrimination.

Gender discrimination, also known as sexual discrimination, is the practice of letting a person's sex unfairly become a factor when deciding who receives a job, promotion, or other employment benefit. It most often affects women who feel they have been unfairly discriminated against in favor of a man. But there have also been cases where males have claimed that reverse discrimination has occurred—that is, the woman received unfairly favorable treatment at the expense of the man.

Discrimination always occur during the hiring process involves the qualification of the job applicants.While a slight difference in qualifications between a female and a male candidate does not automatically indicate gender bias, a drastic difference in qualifications has almost always been upheld by the courts as a sure sign of gender discrimination. For example, if a male who dropped out of high school without receiving a diploma is hired in an administrative position over a female who had obtained her master's degree, then it is likely bias was a factor.

In addition to gender discrimination in hiring and other circumstances, there is a particular form of sexual discrimination called sexual harassment. This form of discrimination involves inappropriate words or actions of a sexual nature directed at an employee by employees of the opposite sex. The U.S. legal system has determined that there are two main types of sexual harassment. "Quid pro quo," or "this for that," occurs when one employee offers another employee a job or benefit, or threatens to deny that job or benefit, unless sexual favors are granted. A "hostile work environment" occurs when an employee, or a group of employees, repeatedly make lewd comments or suggestive noises, make unwanted sexual advances, or otherwise use sex to such a degree that the behavior interferes with another employee's ability to perform her job, or she feels intimidated or threatened on the job.

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE :- MOURI PEOPLE

"Indigenous" is another word for native or original. So the indigenous people means that this were the original native people that belong to the land were there are living.
Mouri is the indigenous people of New Zealand.Mouri people is belong to Polynesia group. Maori was believe came from Hawaiki ( a mythical homeland in tropical Polynesia ) in large ocean-going canoes. However, there are no evidence that can prove the existence of human in New Zealand prior to the Polynesian voyagers and became the Maori.

Maori people were "tend to be followers of Presbyteranism, the church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons), Maori Christian groups such as Ratana and ringatu", but with Catholic, Angelican and Methodist groupings also prominent. However, Islam is the fastest growing religion amongst the Maori community.

Maori peoples are famouse with their tradisional dance called " Haka dance ". It is an action chant, also described as a " war dance ". It is because, this dance was performed by the Maori warriors befoe they go to the battle. Nowdays, the Haka dance mainly performed for amusement or ceremoniously, a welcome for important guest or to commemorate an important day or event.

Media

Development in technology has introduced people to many devices such as internet,television,radio which have made our life goes

easier and comfortable. Among all of these media,the most popular one is internet. Internet is a wireless device that we use to chat with friends, buy things, get information, apply job for some unemployment. Internet is useful because we can get information and settle our things fast and it is not limited by place. This has save our precious time and energy. Besides, information that we want from internet are full of colourful pictures and and interesting animations. We also can get many recent news from all over the world by surfing internat because it is up to date. Moreover, second popular media is television especially that with ASTRO. Everybody has television in their house. Everyday, television provides us with exciting programmes. By watching movies line National Geography, we can widen our scientific knowledge. On the other hand,we can improve our English language skills and grammar by watching daily nws and west- country movies. Less people choose radio as their main media because radio does not has pictures and animations that we can watch. However, by listening to radio, we can relax our mind because these are many songs to hear.

ART-TRADITIONAL TATTOO AND MODERN TATTOO

The woman with her unique traditional tattoos design.

• The traditional tattoos Bungai Terung design tattoo
  

Tattoo is one of a unique art. This is can been seen on the drawings that are tapped on the skin.There are two kinds of tattoos.That are,tradisional and modern tattoos.both of the tattoos have there own special patterns.tradisional tattoos usually periodically over many years using shoot mixed with damar (true resin).the tattoos maker are well known as shamans.Long time ago body tattoos consist of various desings. It normally use to mark personal achievement or to ward off disease.Mythology,tattoos are used to symbolise a brave sarawak warriors among their tribes.the motif of tradisianal tattoos mostly are flora and fauna like bungai terung(Iban Tattoos)and some of wild animal as snakes,birds and tigers.

The traditional tattoos has tapped on the body.

Moreover,modern tattoos nowadays are more artistic and creative. Now we can choose are colorful modern tattoos compare to the traditional tattoos that only in black or a bit dark green in color. Besides that people also can choose to use henna as the imitation tattoos or are beautiful strikers.In
conclusion,tattoos can be the famous art all over the world.
One of the beautiful and
simple strikers tattoos.


Some of colorful,creative and other patterns among the modern tattoos.

BREAKDANCE

One of the unique breakdance to show of by the profesional dancer.

Both are extremely and are hard part to do in dreakdance

Breakdance is a street dance style that evolved as a part of the hip pop movement among African American and Latino American youths in New York City during the early 1970s. Breakdance also known as breaking or b-boying. The term " breakdancing " is contentions among ractitioners who believe it was invented by mass meda to exploit the movement.

Elements of breaakdance may be seen in many antecedent cultures, it was not until the 1970s that breakdance evolved as a street dance style. It evolved during the hip pop movement among African American ( and later Latino American ) youths in Manhattan and the South Bronx of New York City. The jockeys would take the rhythmic breakdowwn section of dance racords and string them tgether with many elements of the melody. This provided a raw rhytmic base for imrivisng and further mixing, and it allowed dancers to display their skills during the break. In a turn - base showcase of dance routines, the winning side was determined by thedancer(s) who could outperform the other displaying a set of more complicated and innivative movement.

There are four elements to make breaakdance. Firstly is toprock. It refers to any string of steps performed from a standing position. It usually the first and foremost opening display of style, and it serves as a warm-up transitions into more acrobatics maneuvers.

Second is downrock that includes all footwork performed on the floor, such as the foundational 6-step. It typically involves complicated contortions of the lower body, and may be as highly variable and personalized as toprock.

communication

Communication is an act of communicating.Nowadays,there are various types of communication such as interaction between people through letters,internet,sign language(communication among the deaf and dumb),etc.Communication is very important in our life because it enables us to exchange knowledge,ideas and feelings.When we feel stress or sad,we will feel better if we can share our problems with our friends.Development in technology has greatly is improved our communication system.Now,communication among people across long distances is not a problem because there are facilities like wireless internet,telephone,radio and tv.We can obtain many informations by surfing the internet.Furthermore,we can know many friends from other countries through internet and we can talk to each other face to face by using video conference system.This has minimised the difficulties faced by people a long time ago where they use smoke,typewriter to write letters and birds such as pigon to communicate.

DEMOGRAPHIC -RECYCLING

The public must be educated on the importance of protecting and caring for the enviroment through the mass media and various enviromental campaings. The public must be educated on the concept of the 4Rs. The 4Rs stand for Recycle, Reuse, Reduce, and Renew

Recycling means colleting and segregating waste according to the types of materials and turning this waste into new products.

a) For example, old newspapers and cards can be converted into pulp and reused as recycle paper.

b) Aluminium cans, glass and metal pieces can be melted down and made into new products.

c) Rags can be shredded and converted into cheap cloth

Reuse means use things such as old plastic containers and bottles agains instead of throwing them away.

Reduce means cutting down on the use of materials. For example, the use of plastic bag which are non-biodegradable should be reduced. Instead,use paper bags which are biodegradad and enviroment friendly.

Renew means to use material such as bottles and plastic containers after they are cleaned.

Recycling is important because:

• fewer landfills will be needed to dispose of rubbish
  


• its cuts down the use of resources,for example, fewer trees will cut down to make funiture and paper.
  


• it save energy. for example, less energy is needed to melt down scarap metal and use it again than to extract it from the ore.

The pie chart illustrates the percentage of disposal of things that can be recycle. According to the chart the highest percentage is paper (45%), followed by 20% of aluminiums, are 30% of plastics and 10% of glass. with less percentage of each pie chart, this has shown that people do not support the recycle campaign or programme.

MALAYSIAN FESTIVAL

Hari Raya Aidilfitri,Moon Cake Festivals and Gawai Dayak.In Malaysia,Hari Raya Aidilfitri also known as Hari Raya Puasa.On the first day of hari raya,all family members will gathered and seek for forgiveness from the elder one especially our parents.After that,we go themosque and pray.Then,we go to the relatives and friends house to rekindle our friendship and know each other.On that day,there are lot of foods that serve such as ketupat,rendang,dodol and other tradisional and modern foods.
In Malaysia,Chinese is the second major ethnics after malays.According to Chinese's calendar,they celebrate Moon Cake Festivals on 15 August anually.That day,children will hold a 'Tanglung' that have various shapes and playing around their house.The eldest will sit together to enjoy the moon cake and drink chinese tea.The chinese tea usually bitter in taste to complement the sweet moon cakes.
The Gawai Gayak festival is celebrated every year on 1 June in Sarawak. This festival is celebrated by the tribes of Iban, Bidayuh, kayan, Kenyah, Kelabit and Murut. This festival celebrate to give tribute to the paddy spirit because give the laboured are very good crops. Gawai dayak is not perfect withoht the tradisional dance among the bidayuh. One of the must perfomed dance is "Rejang Be'uh" (eagle dance).
When we visit the bidayuh open house,their will serves us with drinks, biscuits and delicious cooks. All the bidayuh
will visit their friends and relatives. But nowdays visitor from diffrent races and culture are welcome to rekindle the Gawai Dayak festival.