Baghdad is one of the Islamic megacity in the Islamic World Civilization History. Baghdad or Bagdad is the capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, with which it is coterminous. Having a municipal population estimated at 6.5 million, it is the largest city in Iraq and the second largest (after Cairo) in the Arab World.
Located on the River Tigris, the city dates back to the 8th century and was once the centre of the Muslim world. It was found by caliph Abu Ja'far Al-Mansur on 30 July 762. He believes that Baghdad was the perfect city to be the capital of the Islamic empire under the Abbasids. This city was growth by the help of its strategic location between the trading routes along to the Tigris to the sea and east-west from the Middle East to the rest Asia. Baghdad was surrounded by four walls named Kufa, Basra, Khurasan, and Damascus - their gates pointed in the directions of these destinations. The distance between these gates was a little less than a mile and a half. The walls were about 44 metres thick at the base and about 12 metres thick at the top. Also, the wall was 30 metres high included the merlons, a solid part of an embattled parapet usually pierced by embrasures.
Located on the River Tigris, the city dates back to the 8th century and was once the centre of the Muslim world. It was found by caliph Abu Ja'far Al-Mansur on 30 July 762. He believes that Baghdad was the perfect city to be the capital of the Islamic empire under the Abbasids. This city was growth by the help of its strategic location between the trading routes along to the Tigris to the sea and east-west from the Middle East to the rest Asia. Baghdad was surrounded by four walls named Kufa, Basra, Khurasan, and Damascus - their gates pointed in the directions of these destinations. The distance between these gates was a little less than a mile and a half. The walls were about 44 metres thick at the base and about 12 metres thick at the top. Also, the wall was 30 metres high included the merlons, a solid part of an embattled parapet usually pierced by embrasures.
The most interesting is, in the middle of Baghdad. The Golden Gate Palace. The Palace was the residence of the caliph and his family. In the central part of the building was a green dome that was 49 metres high. Surrounding the palace was an esplanade, a waterside building, in which only the caliph could riding on horseback.
Baghdad became a hub of learning and commerce within a generation of its founding. The House of Wisdom was an establishment dedicated to the translation of Greek, Middle Persian and Syriac works. At that time, scholars headed to Baghdad from all over he Abbasids empire, facilitating the introduction of Greek and Indian science into Arabic and Islamic world. Baghdad was likely the largest city in the worldfrom shortly after its foundation until the 930s, when it was tied by Cordova. Several estimates suggest that the city contained over a million inhabitants at its peak. Many of the One Thousands and One Nights tales are sets i baghdad during this priod. The portion of the population of Baghdad were non-Arabs such as Persian, Assyrians and Greeks and they were gradually adaped Arabic language.
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